TAMIL NADU BIRDS LIFE SANCTURYS
TAMIL NADU BIRDS LIFE SANCTURYS
Intrpduction
Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary
Geography
Flora
Fauna
Visitor information
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary
Flora
Fauna
Visitor information
Karikili Bird Sanctuary
Kaluveli Bird Sanctuary
Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary
Community involvement
Fauna
Suchindram Theroor Birds Sanctuary
Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary locally known as "Chitrangudi Kanmoli" is a .4763 km2 (0.1839 sq mi) Protected area declared in 1989 and a part of Chitrangudi village, Mudukulathur Taluk, Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. It is adjacent to Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary. It is notable as a nesting site for several migratory heron species that roost in the prominent growth of Babul trees there. International name: Chitragudi and Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary, IBA Code: IN261, Criteria: A1, A4i.[2] The sanctuary has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2021.[1]
Geography
The sanctuary area is within the 15 m (49 ft) high embankments of the community irrigation tank. The total length of the embankment is 4.010 km (2.492 mi). The crescent-shaped Kanmoi starts at a northern point where an aqueduct from the Gundar river flows into the Kanmoi. There are five sluices that drain water to the agricultural lands. The wetland is irregular in depth and retains water for 3 to 5 months if rain is normal. Excess flood water is let out towards Chitrangudi village through a sluice gate about .5 km (0.31 mi) from the inlet aqueduct.
Flora
The sanctuary vegetation is mostly tropical dry deciduous forest. It is dominated by babul (thorn mimosa) along with Prosopis juliflora and the grasses Bermuda grass and Dichanthium foveolatum (Eremopogon foveolatus). A babul plantation was planted in 1979 by Farm Forestry Division. The invasive Prosopis is slowly encroaching on much of the sanctuary area, retarding growth of babuls. The irrigation tank bund and the area outside the tank have tamarind trees, fig trees, neem trees, portia trees, silk trees (Albizzia amara), drumstick trees (Tamil: முருங்கை, murungai), and palmyra palms. The medicinal plants Ocimum sanctum and Gloriosa superba also grow in the area.
Fauna
The breeding population of migratory waterbirds arrive here between October and February and include: spot-billed pelican, Asian openbill stork, grey heron, purple heron, pond heron, little egret and great egret.
Visitor information
The sanctuary is open year round and can be reached by road from Mudukulathur 4 km and Sayalgudi 12 km, Ramanathapuram 45 km and Madurai 120 km. The nearest railway station is Paramakudi and the nearest airport is Madurai.
Accommodation is available at PWD Rest House at Mudukulathur 10 kilometers (6.2 mi), the Forest Rest House at Sayalgudi and at Paramakudi.
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary is a 1.04 km2 (0.40 sq mi) Protected area near Mudukulathur Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu. India, declared in 1989. 9°20′N 78°29′E. It is adjacent to Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary. It is notable as a nesting site for several migratory heron species that roost in the prominent growth of babul trees there. International name: Chitragudi and Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary, IBA Code: IN261, Criteria: A1, A4i. [2] The sanctuary has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.[1]
Flora
The sanctuary vegetation is mostly tropical dry deciduous forest. It is dominated by babul along with Prosopis juliflora and the grasses Bermuda grass and Eremopogon foveolatus. The invasive Prosopis is slowly encroaching on much of the sanctuary area, retarding growth of babuls. The irrigation tank bund and the area outside the tank have tamarind trees, fig trees, neem trees, portia trees, silk trees (Albizzia amara), drumstick trees (Tamil: murungai, முருங்கை), and palmyra palms.[citation needed]
Fauna
The breeding population of migratory waterbirds arrive here between October and February and include: painted stork, white ibis, black ibis, little egret, great egret.[citation needed]
Visitor information
The sanctuary can be reached by road from Mudukulathur 8 km and Madurai 117 km. The nearest railway is Paramakudi 15 km and the nearest airport is Madurai.
Accommodation is available at PWD Rest House at Mudukalathur 7 km, the Forest Rest House at Sayalgudi – 30 km and Paramakudi.
Karikili Bird Sanctuary
| Karikili Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
  Location in Map of Tamil Nadu | |
| Location | Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India |
| Coordinates | 12°32′44″N 79°51′21″E |
| Area | 58.4 ha (144 acres) |
| Established | 1988 |
| Governing body | Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |
| Official name | Karikili Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2480[1] |
Karikili Bird Sanctuary is a 61.21-hectare (151.3-acre) protected area located in the Chengalpattu District of the state of Tamil Nadu, India.[2] The sanctuary is about 75 kilometres (47 mi) from Chennai, south of Chengalpattu. About 100 species were recorded from this sanctuary[3]
Karikili is situated about 10 km from Vedanthangal, and there are two tanks combined established as the bird sanctuary in 1988.[4] This region is surrounded by open areas, paddy fields and scrub forest. Several migratory birds such as Northern Pintail, Garganey, Common Sandpiper were recorded from Karikili.
Karikili Bird Sanctuary along with Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary has been identified as one of the Important Bird Areas of Tamil Nadu (IBA Site Code-29, A1, IBA criteria – A4iii).[4] Several waterbirds use Vedanthangal as a nesting site and Karikili as a foraging site. The sanctuary has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022
Kaluveli Bird Sanctuary
It lies in the Central Asian Flyway and hence is an important stopover site for migratory bird species.[3]
Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary
| Designations | |
|---|---|
| Official name | Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 November 2021 |
| Reference no. | 2479[1] |
_at_Koonthakulam_Bird_Sanctuary.jpg)
Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary or Kunthankulam is a 1.2933 km2 (0.4993 sq mi) protected area declared as a sanctuary in 1994. It adjoins the tiny village of Koonthankulam in Nanguneri Taluk of Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is just 38 km away from Tirunelveli (a bustling town on the banks of the Thamirabarani River). 8.58102°N 77.76123°E It is composed of Koonthankulam and Kadankulam irrigation tanks, conveniently linked by tar road. This is the largest reserve for breeding water birds in South India. It is an Important Bird Area, code: IN269, criteria: A1, A4i,[2] and has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2021.[1]
Community involvement
This sanctuary is actively protected and managed by the Koonthankulam village community. The local people take a keen interest in protecting this sanctuary.
Birds coming to villagers' backyards are protected vehemently and regarded as harbingers of luck. The guano and silt from the tanks is collected by villagers in summer and applied as fertilizer to their fields. All villagers protect the birds, their nests and fledgelings. Fallen chicks are taken care of in the rescue centre till they are able to fly on their own. The Indian festival Diwali is not celebrated here because the sound of crackers would drive away the winged visitors.
An interpretation centre, watch tower, children's park and dormitory are open for public use throughout the year.
Fauna
More than 43 species of resident and migratory water birds visit here every year. More than 100,000 migratory birds start coming by December and fly away to their northern homes by June or July after they lay and hatch eggs and the young ones mature enough to fly with the older ones.
The following migratory birds visit this area from other countries.
_at_Koonthakulam_Bird_Sanctuary,_Tirunelveli.jpg)
- Bar-headed goose, Siberia
- Common sandpiper, Siberia
- Common teal, Siberia
- Coot, central Siberia
- Green sandpiper, Siberia
- Greater flamingo, northern India
- Northern pintail, Siberia
- White stork, central Asia [3]
See also
Suchindram Theroor Birds Sanctuary
| Suchindram Theroor Vembannur Wetland Complex | |
|---|---|
 Suchindram Theroor Vembannur Wetland Complex | |
| Location | Tamil Nadu |
| Coordinates | 8°10′45″N 77°27′45″E |
| Lake type | Brackish |
| Catchment area | 3 km2 (0 sq mi) |
| Basin countries | India |
| Max. length | 1.95 km (1.2 mi) |
| Max. depth | 9 m (29.5 ft) |
| Surface elevation | 0–19 m (62.3 ft) |
| Settlements | Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu |
| Official name | Vembannur Wetland Complex |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2474[1] |
| Official name | Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2492[2] |
The Suchindram Theroor Vembannur Wetland Complex is a protected area comprising the Suchindram Kulam wetlands at 8°7′30″N 77°27′30″E, and the Theroor Kulam wetlands at 8°10′45″N 77°27′45″E, and the Vembannur Wetland Complex, all near Suchindram town in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located between Nagercoil and Kanyakumari on the National Highway No. 47. Being at the extreme southern tip of India, this area underlies the southernmost continental range of the Central Asian Flyway. The sanctuary was proposed in 2002 and discussed by the Government.[3][4] International name is Suchindram Therur, Vembanoor, Important bird area code no. IN279, criteria: A1, A4i.[5] Parts of the sanctuary have been designated as protected Ramsar sites since 2022.[1][2]
District of Ponds
Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary, a tiger habitat at the extreme southern end of the Western Ghats, is also in this district.[citation needed]
Fauna
Suchindram is noted for the wide variety of migratory waterbirds that winter there. These include garganey,[6] and the purple heron.[7]
Conservation
In 1993, the World Wildlife Fund gave Dr. Robert Grubh a Conservation Impact Grant. It was in cooperation with the Nature Conservancy, and the World Resources Institute.[8]
During construction, there was disagreement between the government and the townspeople.
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