TAMILNADU BIRDS SANCTUARIES
TAMILNADU BIRDS SANCTURY PLACESES
Introductipon
Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur Bird Sanctuary
Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary
Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuar
Geography
History
Flora
Fauna
Threats
Cultural heritage
Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary
Viralimalai Bird Sanctuary
Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary
Vellode Bird Sanctuary
Vellode Bird Sanctuary
Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary
A sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine, protected by ecclesiastical immunity. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sanctuary, a safe place for people, such as a political sanctuary; and non-human sanctuary, such as an animal or plant sanctuary.
Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur Bird Sanctuary
| Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
 | |
Melaselvanur-Kilaselvanur Bird Sanctuary is a protected area and bird sanctuary located in Ramanathapuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The sanctuary covers an area of 5.93 km2 (2.29 sq mi) and was notified in 1998.[1]
Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary
| Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
 Nanjarayan Tank | |
| Coordinates | 11°12′51″N 77°31′35″E |
| Area | 1.26 km2 (0.49 sq mi) |
| Established | 2022 |
| Governing body | Tamil Nadu Forest Department |
Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary or Nanjarayan Tank Bird Sanctuary is a protected area and bird sanctuary located in Tiruppur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is recently added as ramsar site.The sanctuary covers an area of 1.26 km2 (0.49 sq mi) and was notified in 2022.[1] It was designated as a Ramsar site of International importance in 2024.[2]
It is a large shallow wetland. The lake derived its name from King Nanjarayan who repaired and restored the lake during his reign.[2]
Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuar
Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary is a protected area in Tamil Nadu,[2] South India, covering 21.47 km2 (8.29 sq mi) along the Palk Strait where it meets the Bay of Bengal at Point Calimere at the southeastern tip of Nagapattinam District. It was created in 1967 for the conservation of the blackbuck and also hosts large congregations of waterbirds, especially greater flamingos.[3] It has been classified as an Important Bird Area.[4]
Geography
Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary forms the easternmost and most biologically diverse part of Ramsar Site no. 1210 which on 19 August 2002, was declared a place of international importance for the conservation of waterbirds and their wetlands habitats. This 385 km2 (149 sq mi) site comprises PCWBS, Panchanadikulam Wetland, Unsurveyed Salt swamp, Thalainayar Reserved Forest and Muthupet Mangroves. It is all part of the Great Vedaranyam Swamp, except the reserved forest.[5]
The sanctuary is an island surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Palk Straight to the south and swampy backwaters and salt pans to the west and north. Low sand dunes are located along the coast and along the western periphery with coastal plains, tidal mud-flats and shallow seasonal ponds in between. Sand dunes in the east are mostly now stabilised by Prosopis juliflora and the higher dunes in the west are stabilised by dense dry evergreen forests. The tallest dune in the sanctuary and the highest point of land in Nagapattinam District is 7 m (23 ft). at the northwest corner of the sanctuary at Ramar Padam.[citation needed]
History
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2023) |
In the early years of the Sanctuary management was concentrated on prevention of poaching and provision of water to the wildlife. Poaching has been controlled but water supply is a continuing effort. In 1979 the first of several water troughs supplied from water barrels transported by bullock cart and open wells were built. Beginning in 2001–02 several perennial water holes supplied by pipe from bore wells and a large elevated water tank on the western edge of the sanctuary were built.
Several tree planting schemes to increase biodiversity have yielded poor results, with the exception of Casuarina equisetifolia. Current practice is to avoid new tree planting and concentrate on removal of the invasive Prosopis juliflora. An annual wildlife census has been conducted since 1991.
The Bombay Natural History Society has been conducting regular bird migration studies in the sanctuary since 1959. In 2007 it is building a new field station in Kodaikadu.
On 9 March 1998 a 45 m (148 ft) modern lighthouse near Kodaikorai Beach was commissioned.[6]
In 1999 many speed breakers were installed on the Vedaranyam – Kodaikorai road which have effectively prevented the killing of wildlife by speeding vehicles. In 2004/05 nearly 100 boundary pillars were erected for boundary demarcation.[5]
On 26 December 2004 a tsunami as high as 3 metres (10 ft) hit the Kodiyakarai coast of the sanctuary. Seawater flooded the entire sanctuary with four feet of water. The sanctuary escaped serious damage and the sanctuary, animals and birds largely survived the giant wave, but 5,525 people were killed in neighbouring parts of Nagapattinam District.[7]
The documentary film Point Calimere – Little Kingdom by the Coast by Shekar Dattatri won the Centre for Media Studies (CMS) Vatavaran 2007 award in the Nature category.[8]
Flora
This site is a mix of salt swamps, mangroves, backwaters, mudflats, grasslands and East Deccan dry evergreen forests. 364 of flowering plant species have been identified in the sanctuary of which 50% are herbs and the others are climbers, shrubs and trees. About 198 of these have medicinal properties. Manilkara hexandra, locally called Palai is the dominant dry evergreen species and an important food source for fruit eating birds. Middle canopy is dominated by the invasive Prosopis juliflora and the most abundant undergrowth is Memecylon umbellatum.[5]
Fauna
This sanctuary is an area of high biodiversity, with 14 mammal species, 18 reptile species and nine amphibian species. The flagship species of the sanctuary is the blackbuck, one of the four antelope species in India and the most numerous large animal in the sanctuary. The population estimate of the blackbuck at Point Calimere more than doubled in thirty years, from 750–800 in 1967 to 1,908 in 1998/99. This isolated population of blackbuck probably survived unmolested throughout the centuries due to the locals' now declining belief that eating its meat causes leprosy. The predators of the blackbuck at Point Calimere are jackals, and sometimes village dogs. Competition for food is from domestic and feral cattle.[9]
Other notable animals include: chital, golden jackal, bonnet monkey, wild boar, monitor lizard, short-nosed fruit bat, small Indian civet, Indian star tortoise, Indian grey mongoose, black-naped hare, jungle cat and feral horse.[5] Marine species include the Bottlenose dolphin and olive ridley turtle. In 2002 a pair of Bryde's whale were found washed ashore near the sanctuary. One 10 ton 35-foot whale was successfully towed back to sea. This was the first successful rescue of a beached whale in Asia.[5]
The sanctuary hosts the second largest congregation of migratory waterbirds in India, with a peak population in excess of 100,000, representing 103 species. Over 200,000 birds have been captured, studied, ringed and released during the course of several ornithological studies in the past several years.
In October these waterbirds arrive from Rann of Kutch, Eastern Siberia, Northern Russia, Central Asia and parts of Europe for their feeding season and start returning to those breeding places in January. These waterbirds include threatened species such as spot-billed pelican, Nordmann's greenshank, spoonbill sandpiper and black-necked stork. Near threatened species include black-headed ibis, Asian dowitcher, lesser flamingo, spoonbill, darter and painted stork.[5]
Over 15 km2 (5.8 sq mi) of the best tropical dry evergreen forest in India are in the sanctuary. They harbour a large variety of resident and migratory landbirds. The most common of the 35 resident species are white-browed bulbul, brahminy kite, small green-billed malkoha, crow pheasant, rose-ringed parakeet, grey partridge, blue-tailed bee-eater and common iora.
Spotted and collared doves are common in the mangroves.[5]
Threats
Major threats to the natural biodiversity and ecological balance of the sanctuary are: loss of habitat for waterbirds, soil and water salinisation by adjacent salt pans, spread of the invasive Prosopis juliflora, cattle grazing and scarcity of fresh water. Sanctuary staff conduct programs to alleviate all these issues.[5]
Cultural heritage
| This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2023) |
Several sites of religious, historical or cultural importance are located within the sanctuary:
- Ramar Padam (literally: Ramas Footprint) located on the highest point of land in the sanctuary, is a small shrine containing the stone footprints of Lord Rama. Large numbers of Rama devotees gather here during the second week of April to celebrate Ram Navami Festival.
- Mattumunian Kovil is a small temple in the south of the sanctuary where people worship and offer prayers throughout the year. A major festival occurs here on the third Friday of September.
- Avulaiganni Dargah is the grave of a Muslim saint located near the road by Ramar Padam. His death anniversary is celebrated in late November.
- Shevrayan Kovil is a shrine to the deities Shevrayan and Soni located deep in the forests of the northern part of the sanctuary. A small village near this shrine was relocated outside the sanctuary after the creation of Kodaikarai Reserve Forest. A large congregation of devotees from Arcothurai celebrate a special festival in June and July.
- Chola Lighthouse is the remains of a brick and mortar lighthouse near Point Calimere said to have been built by the Cholas more than a thousand years ago. This structure was badly damaged by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami but can still be seen in the intertidal zone near the British lighthouse.[5]
See also
Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary
Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary is a sanctuary for birds, 759 km2 (293 sq mi) in area, located in the Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh and a protected area of the Thiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu, India. Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish-water eco-system in India after Chilka lake in Orissa.[1] The sanctuary's international name is Pulicat Lake Wildlife Sanctuary (IBA Code: IN261, Criteria: A1, A4iii).[2]
_in_Garapadu,_AP_W2_IMG_5311.jpg)
Geography
Central location is: 13°34′N 80°12′E. 327.33 km2 (126.38 sq mi) is managed by the Andhra Pradesh Forest Department[3] and 153.67 km2 (59.33 sq mi) is managed by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department. 108 km2 (42 sq mi) is a National Park area. Rainfall ranges from 800–2000 mm. Temperature varies from 14 to 33 °C (57 to 91 °F). Altitude ranges from 100 ft (30 m) above mean sea level to 1,200 ft (370 m) above mean sea level.[1]
Flora
The green kingdom is represented with about 132 plant species like Walsura piscida; Manilkara elengi, Excoecaria agallocaha, Spinifex littoreus, Calamus viminalis, and many more[4]
Fauna
The sanctuary is rich in invertebrate life including planktons, molluscs, insects, coelenterates and crustaceans. Jackal, Jungle cat, Black napped hare; are a few of the mammalian species inhabiting the Sanctuary.[5]
The sanctuary has many greater flamingos.[1] It attracts many migratory birds and also is a feeding and nesting ground for aquatic and terrestrial birds such as pelicans, storks, etc. The biodiversity of this lake attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors per year.[6]
Threats
Pulicat Lake may disappear within 100 years by being filled up with silt.[7] Efforts by government and private non-governmental organizations are working to halt lake destruction. The Art & Architecture Research, Development and Education (AARDE) Foundation does regular activities at Pazhaverkadu to create awareness on the vanishing lagoon.
See also
Viralimalai Bird Sanctuary
| Viralimalai Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
Viralimalai | |
| Coordinates | 10°36′11″N 78°32′44″E |
| Governing body | Tamil Nadu Forest Department |
Viralimalai Bird Sanctuary is a protected area and bird sanctuary located in Tiruchirappalli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The sanctuary was established to protect the Indian peafowl, the National Bird of India.[1]
Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary
Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary is a 0.384 km2 (0.148 sq mi) protected area, declared in June 1977 near Thirupattur in the Sivaganga District that includes the periya kollukudi patti, chinna kollukudi patti, and vettangudi patti irrigation tanks.
The heaviest rainfall occurs between October and December, when the northeast monsoon brings in 330–390 mm (13–15 in) of rainfall.[1]
Fauna
This area of small drainage basins attracts more than 8,000 winter migratory birds belonging to 217 species, mostly from European and North Asian countries. It is a breeding habitat for grey herons, darters, spoonbills, white ibis, Asian openbill stork, and night herons. It has also attracted indigenous endangered species including painted stork, grey heron, darter, little cormorant, little egret, intermediate egret, cattle egret, common teal, Indian spot-billed ducks, pintail, and flamingos.[2]
Vellode Bird Sanctuary
| Vellode Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
 | |
 Location in Map of Tamil Nadu | |
| Location | Erode District, Tamil Nadu, India |
| Coordinates | 11°15′9″N 77°39′8″E |
| Established | 1996 |
| Governing body | Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |
| Official name | Vellode Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2475[1] |
Vellode Birds Sanctuary is a bird sanctuary located in Erode District, Tamil Nadu, India. The sanctuary covers an area of .77 km2 (0.30 sq mi).[2] The sanctuary is located near Vellode, about 12 km from Erode.[3] It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.[1]
The sanctuary is built around Periyakulam lake surrounded with bushes. More than 20,000 birds visit during the migration period from November to March. The sanctuary features thousands of birds coming from various countries, some of which can be easily identified. The bird species include bar-headed goose, black-tailed godwit, barn swallow, woolly-necked stork, Eurasian spoonbill, greater spotted eagle, blue-tailed bee-eater, little stint, spot billed pelican, purple swamphen, and yellow wagtail.[4][5]
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
| Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
     Clockwise from top: A view of the sanctuary; Watch tower in the sanctuary; Resting pelicans; Walkway inside the sanctuary; Barringtonia trees in the lake | |
Location in Map of Tamil Nadu | |
| Location | Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India |
| Nearest city | Kanchipuram |
| Coordinates | 12°32′44″N 79°51′21″E |
| Area | 30 ha (74 acres) |
| Elevation | 122 m (400 ft)[1] |
| Established | 1936 |
| Governing body | Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |
| Official name | Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2477[1] |
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary is a bird sanctuary in the Madurantakam taluk of the Chengalpattu district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Established in 1936, it is the oldest wildlife sanctuary in India. It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022. More than 40,000 birds have been recorded in the sanctuary during the migratory season every year.
History
The Vedanthangal fresh water lake attracted water birds and the area was protected by the local people, who benefited from the manure-rich water from the lake. The guano of the birds increased the agriculture yield of the surrounding fields.[1] The area was later used as hunting grounds for sport hunting of birds by the rich in the early 17th century.[2] Vedanthangal literally means the 'hamlet of the hunter' in Tamil language.[3] Towards the end of the 18th century, locals complained to the District Collector of Chingleput district about the British soldiers shooting the birds and obtained a cowle (a written acceptance) from the collector to protect the birds.[4] Due to its ecological importance, the British Government initiated further steps to develop it into a bird sanctuary in 1798. Several accounts of the area being a breeding place for birds were published in the 19th century.[5][6]
In the mid 19th century, the collector of Chingleput ordered it to be established as a protected area.[2] It was officially declared as a wildlife sanctuary in 1936 and was the first such protected area to be established within the Indian boundaries.[2][7] The surrounding wetland was declared as reserve area as per the Madras Forest Act, 1882 on 4 June 1962. Subsequently, the surrounding 5 km (3.1 mi) zone were declared as part of the sanctuary as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 in 1996 and the final notification was issued on 8 July 1998.[1]
Description
The sanctuary occupies an area of 74 acres (30 ha) and is one of the smallest wildlife sanctuaries in India.[2][8] The sanctuary consists of many small water bodies interconnected with the main tank, located at an altitude of about 122 m (400 ft).[1] The maximum depth of the lake is 5 m (16 ft) and it supplies water to nearly 250 acres of agricultural land in the region. The west and south sides of the lake are bordered by a long bund, whereas the northern and eastern sides extend to the agricultural lands. The area receives an average annual rainfall of 140 cm (55 in), mostly from the north-east monsoon.[9] There is a 24 ft (7.3 m) observation tower in the sanctuary.[10] In 2013, the lake was de-silted and new water channels were built by the Public Works Department to facilitate water supply to the lake from neighbouring water bodies.[11]
Flora
The sanctuary consists of a mixture of tropical and sub-tropical dry broadleaf forests interspersed with thorns and shrubs.[1][2] The wetland and the surrounding areas have been subject to deforestation and over grazing from domestic livestock, which resulted in the stunted scrub vegetation. There are two distinct types of vegetation in the sanctuary. The water area mainly consists of Barringtonia acutangula and Acacia nilotica trees, most of which were planted by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department and are the main nest-supporting trees. The Barringtonia trees also serve as roosts for the non-breeding birds and safe high perches for the young lings.[1] In 2013, a further two lakh Barringtonia saplings were planted in the sanctuary.[11]
The periphery of the tank and the tank bund consists of a number of Terminalia arjuna trees. The tank bund also consists of Streblus and Calamus trees. There are other species such as Acacia nilotica, Alangium salviifolium, Albizzia lebbek, Azadirachta indica, Morinda tinctoria, Borassus flabellifer, Cassia fistula, and Solanum trilobatum on the area surrounding the tank. The partly submerged scrubs around the tank provides twigs for the birds to build nests and also serve as roosting grounds.[1]
Fauna
The unique ecosystem attracts a rich diversity of birds. Nearly 40000 birds are seen in the tank during the breeding season. When the nesting birds return with the young lings, there can be over 70000 birds in a good monsoon year.[1][11] The prime nesting species seen in the sanctuary are spot billed pelican, Asian open-billed stork, painted stork, Indian cormorant, little cormorant, black-crowned night heron, little egret, intermediate egret, grey heron, glossy ibis, black-headed ibis, Eurasian spoonbill, and Indian pond heron.[1][12] Migratory waterbirds wintering here include northern pintail, garganey, northern shoveller, black-winged stilt, and other shorebirds and terns such as whiskered tern.[1][13] Cattle egrets and little cormorants are also seen outside the breeding season. Other terrestrial birds such as darters, parakeets, babblers, mynas, barbets, bee-eaters, kingfishers, roller, cuckoo, oriole, drongo, and raptors such as black-winged kite, brahminy kite, short-toed eagle, pariah kite have been observed in Vedanthangal. [1]
Mammals seen in the sanctuary include Indian jackal, jungle cat, wild boar, black-naped hare, bonnet macaque, mongoose, mole rat, palm civet, flying fox, and Indian fox. A large number of fruit bats are also present in the bamboo trees around the lake. There are also reptiles and amphibians such as water snakes, Indian cobra, sand boas, terrapins, tortoises, lizards, and frogs.[2][1]
See also
Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (January 2017) |
| Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
 A group of birds seen at their nest in the tree | |
| |
| Location | Tamil Nadu, India |
| Nearest city | Thanjavur |
| Coordinates | 10.698943°N 79.322469°E |
| Established | 1999 |
| Official name | Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2493[1] |
Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary is a 128.10-hectare area located in Vaduvoor lake, Mannargudi Taluk, Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India. The sanctuary is about 25 kilometers from Thanjavur and 14 kilometers from Mannargudi on the Thanjavur-Kodiakkarai State Highway 63. It was created in the year 1999. The irrigation tank receives water from November to April every year which attracts numerous foreign birds from Europe and America. The sanctuary attracts more than 40 species of water birds like the white ibis, painted stork, grey pelican, pintails, cormorants, teals, herons, spoonbills, darters, coots, Open bill storks, and pheasant–tailed jacana. The sanctuary is a favorite spot for the migratory birds and during the months of November and December more than 20000 winged visitors reach this area. The sanctuary has basic facilities for tourists to stay overnight and enjoy watching the birds from the two watch towers.
Bird migration is a seasonal phenomenon and when the temperature escalates in Europe and in the North America, the birds move to more favourable climes. The wetlands in this region is quite suitable for the migratory birds as it provides suitable environment for food, shelter and reproduction. The farmers of this region also love the arrival of migratory birds as the irrigation water becomes fertile once it was enriched with the excretory of the birds. The state government had appointed officers for prevention of both hunting and poaching. Poaching and hunting is illegal and it is a punishable offence. The villagers were aware of this and a friendly environment for the shelter of the birds prevails. The small town is a good agricultural land and rice is grown in plenty.
History
The Vaduvoor Birds Sanctuary was created in 1999. The sanctuary has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.[1]
Bird species
The Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary attracts more than 40 species of water birds like the white ibis, painted Stork, grey pelican, pintails, cormorants, teals, herons, spoonbills, darters, coots, open bill storks, and pheasant tailed jacana. The sanctuary is a favorite spot for the migratory birds during the months of November and December. More than 2000 winged visitors reach this area.
Location
The Vaduvoor Bird sanctuary is located in the Vaduvoor Lake which is 25 km from Thanjavur and 14 km from Mannargudi on the Thanjavur-Kodiakkarai State Highway 63.
Climate
| Climate data for Vaduvoor | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
25.0 (77.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
42.0 (107.6) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.0 (93.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
23.0 (73.4) |
32.8 (91.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 09.0 (48.2) |
11.0 (51.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
31.0 (87.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.0 (82.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
21.3 (70.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.0 (0.28) |
13.0 (0.51) |
7.0 (0.28) |
6.0 (0.24) |
5.0 (0.20) |
20.0 (0.79) |
66.0 (2.60) |
66.0 (2.60) |
53.0 (2.09) |
2.0 (0.08) |
1.0 (0.04) |
2.0 (0.08) |
248 (9.8) |
| Source: Best time to visit, weather and climate Vaduvoor[2] | |||||||||||||
Transport
By Road
- Buses are available 24x7 from both Thanjavur and Mannargudi.
By Train
- Nearest railway station is Thanjavur Junction railway station and Mannargudi railway station.
By Air
- The nearest International Airport from Vaduvoor is Tiruchirapalli International Airport, Tamil Nadu, roughly two hours drive from Vaduvoor (85 Km). It is well connected to a spectrum of cities in India and abroad such as Bangalore, Chennai, Singapore, and Malaysia etc.
Nearby Places
- Kothandaramaswamy temple, Vaduvur
- Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
- Rajagopalaswamy Temple, Mannargudi
- Muthupet mangroves and lagoon
See also
- List of birds of South India
- List of birds of Tamil Nadu
- Bird sanctuaries of Tamil Nadu
- List of wildlife sanctuaries of India
Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary
| Designations | |
|---|---|
| Official name | Udhayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2476[1] |
Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary is a 0.45-square-kilometre (0.17 sq mi) protected area in Tiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India, at 10°26′59″N 79°27′58″E.[2][3]
In 1999, this sanctuary was declared as a protected area.[4] It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.[1]
Fauna
_in_Kolkata_I_IMG_0495.jpg)
A notable aspect of the sanctuary is the large number of purple moorhen and openbill storks during February and March.[5]
Notes
The Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary covers an area of around 0.45 square kilometres (0.17 sq mi) and is fed by an irrigation tank that receives water from the Mettur Dam. The tank remains dry between the months of April and August.
During the months of February and March, purple-moorhens and openbill storks can be seen here. Other migratory birds in the sanctuary include the white-ibis, Indian reef heron, white-necked stork, grey-heron, coot, night heron, purple-heron, little cormorant, spoonbill and darter.
From September through December, the bird population inhabiting the sanctuary rises to around 10,000 birds. The ideal season to visit this sanctuary is during the months of November and December.
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